The structural changes in silicon electrochemically lithiated and delithiated at room temperature were studied by X-ray powder diffraction. Crystalline silicon becomes amorphous during lithium insertion, confirming previous studies. Highly lithiated amorphous silicon suddenly crystallizes at 50 mV to form a new lithium-silicon phase, identified as This phase is the fully lithiated phase for silicon at room temperature, not as is widely believed. Delithiation of the phase results in the formation of amorphous silicon. Cycling silicon anodes above 50 mV avoids the formation of crystallized phases completely and results in better cycling performance. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
ISSN: 1944-8775
ESL was the first rapid-publication electronic journal dedicated to covering the leading edge of research and development in the field of solid-state and electrochemical science and technology. ESL was a joint publication of ECS and IEEE Electron Devices Society. Volume 1 began July 1998 and contained six issues, thereafter new volumes began with the January issue and contained 12 issues. The final issue of ESL was Volume 15, Number 6, 2012. Preserved as an archive, ESL was later replaced by SSL and EEL.